What is media? Web definitions• In communication, media (singular medium) are the storage and transmission tools used to store and deliver information or data. It is often referred to as synonymous with mass media or news media, but may refer to a single medium used to communicate any data for any purpose.
• In the arts, media (plural of medium) are the materials and techniques used by an artist to produce a work
• Mass media is a term used to denote a section of the media specifically designed to reach a very large audience such as the population of a nation ...
By looking at these we can see that media is used by us every day as within a day we all communicate with others using different tools other than talking. TV and newspapers have a major role when it comes to communicating us information this is the way we find out what is happening within the society we live in. Many television stations every day broadcast news programs during prime times for example early morning when people are getting ready for work, school etc and then again at noon, 6`o clock and 10`o clock when people may be arriving home from work. There are then special channels that are just dedicated to bringing us news from around the world and the area we live in. all these options mean that everyone with a TV has a chance of being broadcast news and information form around the world. Those people who may not have a TV due to personal beliefs for example may receive the communication of this data through newspapers which again millions of copies are sold and published every day bringing us the latest news. We have national newspapers that mostly are published daily and then local newspapers that are normally weekly these all are communicating data across a wide population of people within our society. These are also examples of mass media as they are made to appeal to a large population. Adverts are also a massively used medium that communicate us information weather it be on factual news, new products or programs. Adverts however normally have a target audience and although are an example of mass media as they are being made to broadcast nationally to a specific audience, for example when new make up products come out they are made to fit the needs of women. However adverts can also just be media rather than massively, for example an advert in your local corner shop advertising a bike for sale would not be an example of mass media.
I went on to look at various mediums and pick out there generic features so I have a good understanding of different media tools before picking my brief, I ensured Ilooked at a range of mediums butalso for eachone watched a few examples in order to get generic features that seem tobepresent in all... The different mediums I looked at were;
• Movie trailers
• Documentaries
• Music videos
• Adverts
• Soap opera trailers
• Web designs
Generic features of movie trailers•
Always short; approx 1.20 minutes
• Lots of actions, characters, locations
• Don’t reveal whole story but
introduce basic premise; E.g.) Spoilt American tear away is sent to eccentric British boarding school which she hates initially but then finds out she loves it.
• Voice overs
• Loud sound effects
• Background music
• Names of prominent cast members
•
Quotes from reviews in writing across a black screen
• Begins with names of production and studio name
• Completes title and then the release date of film
• Begins with slightly longer extract of film without any music and the pace speeds up or slows down
depending on the genre of music of cutting begins along with music
• Extracts are rarely in chronological order, but in a way which introduces premise, main themes and highlights (funny, sad,
sfx etc)
• Music builds up to a climax which occurs just before the title release date
• Fade shots (My sisters keeper) to suggest a passing terms
• Changes in light tone
• Close ups to focus on something that is going to be
integral to the plot.
Generic features of documentaries• Voice over
• Fast
pace cross cutting• Fade
• Cut always of people being interviewed
• Talking heads; experts, eye witnesses, younger generation, range of ages
• Focus on
specific, interesting details• Clear past and present through colour and lighting
• Use of
sound; older clips/images – older music
• Lots of information and facts
• Establishing shots
Generic features of music videos• Fast paced cuts and edits; lots of
different locations and costumes• Use of lighting;
Ciara video; dark lighting and white clothing; makes contrast and you can see her clearly – sense of mystery
• Video often
•
Tells a story; Thriller video there is an acting scene that then goes into the music – short movie – linked to the previous acting scenario; adds interest and
involvement• Lots of close ups and shots of the same thing; people from different angles
• Neon flashing lights – impression of movements, action and fast pace;
mysterious undertone; hard to see exactly what’s happening
• Light, bright videos create a happy, positive, fun tone
• Energetic
• Cuts match the rhythm of the music OR match the pace of the music, e.g.) slower fades and slower songs, quick straight cuts for faster songs etc
• Cuts from the band playing back to the story again
• Lots of cultural references
• Close ups of
hands/mouths playing instruments/singing• Similar to films they have establishing shots, close ups to how
emotions
• Extreme angles to emphasize emotions, create atmosphere, e.g.) extreme low angle shots to make subjects look big and impressive, or the opposite to make them look venerable.
• They suit particular genre of the music; e.g.) aggressive themes/imaginary for rock music, club themes/image for dance music etc
• Tendency to use handheld camera rather than those on tripods or pedestals
• Huge variety of budgets depending on wealth of band or image they wish to present, e.g.) grunge band may be filmed in black and white, playing in moldy basement when in fact they are all multi millionaires
• Generally
innovative use of cameras and effects.
Generic features of adverts• Like music videos, use range of angles and cuts
• Usually have a music soundtrack
• Close up of product and emotional reaction to product
• Sometimes focuses on brand – building rather than product
• Always have a slogan that they go back to
• Focus on the sense to create appetite
• Use catchy jingles
• Use attractive models/images to sell things ( the brain remembers such things easily)
• Tend to stick to one location
• Use humor and irony (the brain also finds it easy to remember funny things)
• Generally try to be innovative
• Almost always finish with the brand name or slogan
• Like to use brand or similar company colors
• The action/themes/images don’t always have a strong connection to the product but are memorable
• Sometimes use `ordinary` people to help audience relate to them
• Use innuendo and double meanings; implied meaning
• Celebrities to raise a high profile
• Use a `visual slogan` ;
Asda adverts – for example an action that is associated with company/product
Generic features of soap opera trailer• Common relating themes of horror and tragedy – generally nice about to be destroyed by something nasty/ something going wrong (emotionally contrasting plot lines)
• Lots of action, fast paced
• Melodramatic (often exaggerated domestic settings)
• Specific characters- focus on heroes, villains and victims
• Cliffhanger endings
• Lots of short scenes or specific characters speaking
• Hints of revelations of murky pasts
• Dramatic soundtrack; voice over/echo effects/ends with title of soap and schedule info
• Ends with theme tune of the soap
• More hysterical emotion
• Lighting tends to be dark/flashes/short cuts to emphasis the tragic emotions
• Repetition of schedule information
• Use of soft focus to emphasis romantic scenes
• Use of black and white to signify dreams or flashbacks
Generic features of web designs• Prominent image
• Same colors and tones
• Different languages available
• Advertisements
• Postings – comments from fans
• Flash images – moving images
• Simple layout
• Bands – use imagery and color schemes which are associated with the bands image
• Bands – lots of links to whatever the target audience might be interested in – new photos, upcoming shows, downloads
• Adverts for related products and services
• Bands – prominence given to image of band and/or bands logo
• Soaps – prominence given to flash player window in which you can play back missed episodes
• Soaps - the channel logo is prominent at the top with quite a plain, simple layouts, use associated fonts and logos.